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Nová Bystřice
Nová Bystřice ((:ˈnovaː ˈbɪstr̝̊ɪtsɛ)) is a town in the South Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic (WGS-84 coordinates N49°01'11", E15°06'02"). It has ca 3,400 inhabitants. The town lies on the border between Czech Republic and Austria (close to Austria's most northern point).
The villages and hamlets of Albeř, Artolec, Blato, Hradiště, Hůrky, Klášter, Klenová, Nový Vojířov, Ovčárna, Senotín, Skalka and Smrčná are administrative parts of Nová Bystřice.
== History ==
The first written mention of Nová Bystřice was in 1175: the area was colonized by knights. Before that, there was a Slavic population (as evidenced by a Slavic burial ground). In 1276 it became the personal dominion of Jitka (Guty) von Habsburg, who was later the Czech Queen. In 1341 Bystřice was promoted to city status. During the reign of John the Blind it became a market town. Around the same time it suffered from great famine. The town was burned down by Jan Žižka in 1420. It was rebuilt and since then it has been called Nová ("New") Bystřice. In July 1533 a group of religious reformers killed 40 Catholic monks, along with other Catholics, and destroyed the monastery. About one-third of the population emigrated to America after 1870.In 1945 the German population was expelled according to the Benes Decrees
During the cold war, the Iron Curtain garrison was located in the town. The neighbouring village of Mnich was abandoned and destroyed due to its vicinity to the border.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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